It can be either and I'm sure it means different things to different people.
Like I said before, I don't take issue with this kind of thing stemming from parents' approaches to communicating with their children. It's not a technique I would use, nor would I wait until they've reached puberty to begin educating my children, but that's not my decision to make for others.
What irritates me is the pushing of the rings in the context of some sort of program or in an effort to get the kids to identify with some sort of collective pledge or promise. And I think the results of that study to a very good job of illustrating why it irks me.
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'He who receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light without darkening me.'
-TJ
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