The
Jewish Autonomous Oblast.
It is still there. Founded by Stalin (and so well after the beginnings of a reinstated Israel in Arabia) and intended mostly as a way to get Jews out of the main areas of Russia (short of actually letting them go back to the Holy Land) but also part of a larger plan for ethnic autonomous regions. Never very successful in getting Jews to willingly relocate and today there are only about 2,000 Jews in the area.